Does Citalopram cause bad breath? (+5 management tips)
By
Ivan Kahwa
Author bio
Mr Ivan Kahwa is a chemist and phytopharmaceutical scientist with expertise in chemistry, pharmacology, phytochemistry, and Nanobiotechnology. He writes and reviews content on these topics.
Mr Ivan Kahwa’s Highlights:
Guest Researcher at the University of Leipzig, Senior Research Fellow/Scientist, and Lecturer at the Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology.
Professional Experience:
Mr Ivan joined PHARMBIOTRAC as a research fellow/scientist during his master of science tenure. He contributed to the development of most of the phytopharmaceutical products in the project. Furthermore, he participated in carrying out the pharmacological activities of the developed products in laboratory animals such as mice and rats in order to develop proper doses hence leading to pre-clinical studies.
With the above relevant research experience, Ivan started to work with the University of Leipzig on collaborative projects with Mbarara University to develop the chemistry of Ugandan Medicinal plants and their pharmacological activities. This was coupled with several consultative positions by different German NGOs. Mr. Kahwa is also a supporting in the teaching and learning at the Departments of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology.
With the increase in antimicrobial resistance globally, Ivan retooled his thinking towards developing new naturally derived antibiotic regimens from Ugandan propolis with the assistance of nanotechnology to improve their delivery to microbial cells. Kahwa has also published over 28 articles in peer-reviewed journals and he is currently reviewing for many journals.
Education:
2023-2027: PhD in Pharmaceutical Sciences (ongoing) with a focus on Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Nanobiology at Mbarara University of Science and Technology.
2022: 2Msc. in Pharmacognosy and Natural Medicine Science at Mbarara University of Science and Technology.
2018: Bachelor of Science (Chemistry) at Mbarara University of Science and Technology.
Publications:
▪ Iqbal, S., Jabeen, F., Kahwa, I., & Omara, T. 2023. Suberosin Alleviates Thiazolidinedione-Induced Cardiomyopathy in Diabetic Rats by Inhibiting Ferroptosis via Modulation of ACSL4-LPCAT3 and PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathways. Cardiovascular Toxicology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12012-023-09804-7
▪ Gupta, A. K., Yadav, R., Sharma, S., Sawale, J., & Kahwa, I. 2023. Anti-ageing Activity and Antioxidant Activity of Methanol Extracts of Leaves and Flowers of Salvia officinalis and Rosmarinus officinalis. Journal of Young Pharmacists, 15(3), 448–455. https://doi.org/10.5530/jyp.2023.15.60
▪ Tolo, C.U., Kahwa, I., Nuwagira, U., Weisheit, A. and Ikiriza, H., 2023. Medicinal plants used in treatment of various diseases in the Rwenzori Region, Western Uganda. Ethnobotany Research and Applications, 25, pp.1-16.
https://ethnobotanyjournal.org/index.php/era/article/view/4683
▪ Kahwa, I., Ajayi, C.O., Yadav, R., Chauhan, N.S., Shah, K., Abdelgadir, A.A., Shegena, E.A., Daniel, S., Omara, T., Asiimwe, J.B. and Ikiriza, H., 2023. Pharmacognostic and phytochemical studies as an invaluable approach for correct identification of medicinal plants: The case of Artemisia vulgaris L. substituted for Artemisia annua L. in Western Uganda. TMR Integr Med, 7, p.e23004.
https://doi.org/10.53388/TMRIM202307004
▪ Nalimu, F., Oloro, J., Kahwa, I. and Ogwang, P.E., 2021. Review on the phytochemistry and toxicological profiles of Aloe vera and Aloe ferox. Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 7, pp.1-21.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s43094-021-00296-2
▪ Elamin, O.H.S., Ali, M.A., Elgezuli, I.A.A., Bashir, M.A. and Kahwa, I., 2021. Diagnosis of pre-and post-treatment of echinococcus granulosus with counter current immune electrophoresis and bacterial co-agglutination. Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 11(02), pp.88-94.
https://doi.org/10.5799/jmid.951600
Published book Chapter
▪ Kahwa, I., Ayesiga, I., Nakalema, S., Alinaiswe, R., Mbabazi, R. and Iqbal, S., 2023. Natural products in the management of onchocerciasis. In Natural Products in Vector-Borne Disease Management (pp. 63-80). Academic Press. Book Chapter.
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-91942-5.00012-4
Submitted manuscripts Under Review:
▪ Comparison of the Wound Healing Activity of the Leaf and Leaf Ash Extracts of Vernonia amygdalina in Rats. Journal name: Clinical Phytoscience
▪ Ethnobotanical Survey of Medicinal plants used in the management of cancer in Uganda. Journal name: Journal of Herbal Medicine
▪ Ethnobotanical survey and phytochemical screening of medicinal plants used in treatment of epilepsy by PROMETRA-Uganda Traditional Health Practitioners in Mpigi District, Uganda. Journal name: Journal of Ethnopharmacology
Submitted book chapters under review
1.Book title: Algae as a Natural Solution for Water-Food-Energy Nexus, Section 4: Microalgae and cyanobacteria for food applications, Chapter 4.6: Safety, toxicological and allergenic aspects of using algae for food. Authors: Christine Kyarimpa, Tom Omute, Caroline K. Nakiguli, Alice V. Khanakwa4, Christopher Angiro, Ivan Kahwa, Fortunate Ahumuza, Timothy Omara*. Publisher: Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore.
2.Book title: Nutraceuticals Inspiring the Contemporary Therapy for Lifestyle Diseases. Chapter: Nutraceutical applications of Seaweeds and their Phytocompounds in Nutrition and Treatment of Diseases. Authors: Ivan Kahwa, Timothy Omara , Innocent Ayesiga , Gael Noel Neh Neba Ambe , Zehbanaz Javidbhai Panwala , Rachel Mbabazi , Shabnoor Iqbal , Christine Kyarimpa , Christine Betty Nagawa , Kamal Shah ,Nagendra Singh Chauhan* Publisher: CRC Press
You can view my works on the following professional sites:
Research Gate: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ivan-Kahwa
Google Scholar: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=tOwrvqoAAAAJ&hl=en
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6440-3437
Linkedin: https://de.linkedin.com/in/ivan-kahwa-865450159
In this article, we will discuss whether Citalopram causes bad breath. We will also discuss the factors that can contribute to bad breath while taking citalopram, its management, and other potential side effects of citalopram.
Does Citalopram cause bad breath?
Citalopram does not cause bad breath directly, however, some individuals may experience changes in taste or dry mouth as side effects of citalopram, which can indirectly contribute to bad breath.
Citalopram (Celexa) belongs to the class of antidepressants called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and is prescribed to treat depression and anxiety disorders (5). While it is generally well-tolerated, some individuals may experience side effects, that vary from person to person.
It’s important to remember that everyone’s response to medication is unique. If you notice this side effect, discussing it with your healthcare provider is a proactive step to address your concerns and explore potential solutions.
Your provider may consider adjusting your treatment or recommending additional strategies to manage bad breath effectively.
What does research suggest?
According to research, citalopram causes frequent dry mouth and reduced saliva production (2). Saliva usually neutralizes acids and hinders bacterial growth. In cases of reduced salivary flow, these functions are compromised. This allows cariogenic bacteria to thrive and produce volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), causing bad breath (1).
Therefore, citalopram-induced dry mouth can significantly contribute to the development of bad breath, underscoring the importance of addressing this oral health issue to alleviate its influence on one’s overall well-being.
What factors can contribute to bad breath while taking Citalopram?
Bad breath can occur due to various reasons, and medications like Citalopram may contribute to this issue in some people. It is not well-documented how Citaloram specifically contributes to bad breath, but it may be due to several factors:
Dry Mouth (Xerostomia): Dry mouth, which is a common side effect of many medications including Citalopram, may reduce saliva production which in turn can create an environment that is conducive to odor-causing bacteria. This can lead to bad breath (3).
Changes in Taste Perception: Changes in taste perception or sense of taste may occur in some individuals taking Citalopram, which can affect their perception of their own breath and make them believe they have bad breath (6).
Indirect Factors: It is important to note that bad breath can also be influenced by lifestyle factors, such as diet, oral hygiene, and overall health. Poor oral hygiene practices and dental issues can also contribute to halitosis, while certain dietary choices like consuming garlic or onions can lead to temporary bad breath (7).
What to do if citalopram causes bad breath?
If Citalopram leads to dry mouth, potentially causing bad breath, consider these strategies for effective management:
- Maintain oral hygiene: Maintain good oral hygiene practices, including regular brushing, flossing, and tongue cleaning. Using an antimicrobial or fluoride mouthwash can also help
- Stay hydrated: Dry mouth often occurs due to a lack of saliva which may lead to bad breath. Drink plenty of water throughout the day to help combat dry mouth. Chewing sugar-free gums can also stimulate saliva production.
- Diet: Be mindful of your diet. Avoid foods and drinks that are known to cause bad breath, such as garlic, onions, and sugary items. These can exacerbate the issue of bad breath.
- Regular dental checkups: Schedule and attend regular dental checkups. Your dentist can detect and address any underlying dental problems that may contribute to bad breath.
- Consult your healthcare provider: If you continue to experience persistent bad breath while taking Citalopram, it’s important to consult your healthcare provider. They can evaluate whether the medication is the primary cause of your bad breath. Your healthcare provider may adjust your medication or recommend alternative solutions to manage your symptoms effectively.
It’s important to keep in mind that everyone’s response to medication is unique, and while some individuals may experience dry mouth and subsequent bad breath while using citalopram, many others do not.
If you notice this side effect, discussing it with your healthcare provider is a proactive step to address your concerns and explore potential solutions.
Other potential side effects of citalopram
The other potential and common side effects associated with Citalopram are (4):
- nausea
- vomiting
- irregular heartbeat
- sleep disturbances
- dizziness
- drowsiness
- loss of appetite
- diarrhea
- weight loss
Citalopram may lead to several side effects. If you notice any unusual or concerning symptoms while taking this medication, it’s essential to promptly reach out to your healthcare provider for evaluation and guidance.
Conclusion
In this article, we have discussed the bad breath associated with the use of citalopram, factors that contribute to bad breath while using citalopram, and the management tips for bad breath.
Was this helpful?
References
1.-
Izidoro C, Botelho J, Machado V, Reis AM, Proença L, Alves RC, Mendes JJ. Revisiting Standard and Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Halitosis: A Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Sep 8;19(18):11303. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191811303. PMID: 36141577; PMCID: PMC9516975. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3412664/
2.-
Daly C. Oral and dental effects of antidepressants. Aust Prescr. 2016 Jun;39(3):84. doi: 10.18773/austprescr.2016.035. Epub 2016 Jun 1. PMID: 27350018; PMCID: PMC4919175. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4919175/
3.-
Bollen CM, Beikler T. Halitosis: the multidisciplinary approach. Int J Oral Sci. 2012 Jun;4(2):55-63. doi: 10.1038/ijos.2012.39. PMID: 22722640; PMCID: PMC3412664. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3412664/
4.-
CELEXA® (citalopram). U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Reference ID: 3107401 [Internet] [updated 2012 Mar; cited 2023 Jul 10]. Available from: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/020822s042,021046s019lbl.pdf#page=32.
5.-
Bezchlibnyk-Butler K, Aleksic I, Kennedy SH. Citalopram–a review of pharmacological and clinical effects. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2000 May;25(3):241-54. PMID: 10863884; PMCID: PMC1407724. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1407724/
6.-
Schiffman SS. Influence of medications on taste and smell. World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018 Mar 26;4(1):84-91. doi: 10.1016/j.wjorl.2018.02.005. PMID: 30035266; PMCID: PMC6051304. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6051304/
7.-
Rosenberg M. Clinical assessment of bad breath: current concepts. J Am Dent Assoc. 1996 Apr;127(4):475-82. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.1996.0239. Erratum in: J Am Dent Assoc 1996 May;127(5):570. PMID: 8655868. ubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8655868/
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