Does Zyrtec raise blood sugar levels? (3+ facts)

This article will answer the question, “Does Zyrtec raise blood sugar levels?”. We will also discuss the factors that affect blood sugar levels. Additionally, we will talk about the precautionary measures to take while consuming Zyrtec. 

Does Zyrtec raise blood sugar levels? 

Yes, Zyrtec (cetirizine) may increase your blood sugar levels. Due to individual variability, the effects of Zyrtec may differ. However, some may experience a rise in blood sugar levels, whereas some may not. Taking Zyrtec, along with diabetic medication, can also alter the levels of sugar in the system. 

If you notice an increased blood sugar level or if you experience increased thirst, hunger, urination, fatigue, etc, make sure you consult your physician for a proper evaluation and intervention. 

It is important to have a thorough examination to determine the cause of increased blood sugar levels while taking Zyrtec, as there are other factors that can contribute to the problem.

What does the research suggest? 

A study by Avtar Lal on the effect of histamine-1-antagonists on blood glucose levels was analyzed. The study found that Zyrtec (Cetirizine)  increased post-prandial glucose and fasting blood glucose levels. Forty patients who had allergic rhinitis were included and divided into 4 groups. (1)

These 4 groups were treated with Cetirizine, Loratidine, Clemestine and placebo, respectively. In the group treated with cetirizine, a significant increase in blood glucose level was noted. (1)

A randomized controlled trial was conducted to study the effect of antihistamines on diabetic patients treated with glipizide, a sulphonylurea hypoglycaemic agent. Histamine-H2-receptor antagonists cimetidine and ranitidine reduced the blood sugar by 40% and 25%, respectively, in four patients. (2)

When cimetidine and ranitidine were coadministered with glipizide, the plasma concentration of glipizide increased by 20%. The use of antihistamines along with sulphonylureas must be monitored. (2)

How does Zyrtec affect blood glucose levels? 

Zyrtec is an antihistamine that is used to treat allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria (hives), and pruritus (itching). Zyrtec (cetirizine) belongs to the second generation of antihistamines, which helps manage symptoms like sneezing, rhinorrhea and watery eyes associated with allergies. (3)

Zyrtec acts by inhibiting the histamine-H1-receptors present on respiratory smooth muscles, vascular endothelial cells, immune cells and gastrointestinal tract. Zyrtec antagonizes histamine and reduces its effects. The exact mechanism of Zyrtec’s fluctuating blood glucose level has not been documented. But, there are possibilities that Zyrtec may increase or decrease the sugar levels. (3,1)

Blood sugar levels usually rise after a meal or snack and eventually come down. The normal range of sugar levels is between 70 mg/dl and 100mg/dl and can vary depending on your underlying condition. If the rise in sugar level is more than 126 mg/dl, then it is diabetes, and if it is between 100-125 mg/dl, it is said to be pre-diabetic. (4)

Zyrtec is available as an OTC medication and has a side effect of sedation. Prolonged use of Zyrtec without a proper dose can cause severe side effects, which can be harmful. Hence, it is important to consult a doctor for a proper evaluation and treatment to avoid any unnecessary side effects. 

What are the factors affecting glucose levels while taking Zyrtec? 

There are several other factors which can influence glucose levels in the system while taking Zyrtec, such as: 

Underlying health conditions: If you suffer from diabetes or pancreatitis, your blood sugar levels will rise. It is important to check glucose levels if you are at risk of having diabetes and get proper treatment. 

Diet and nutrition: The foods you consume play an important role in regulating blood glucose levels. If you have diabetes or are at risk, maintain a well-balanced diet with appropriate amounts of carbohydrates, proteins and other nutrients. 

Other medications: Some medications taken along with Zyrtec can influence the level of glucose in the body. Corticosteroids and a few diuretics can fluctuate the levels of glucose in the body. Hence, it is important to consult a qualified physician before taking any medications. 

Liver damage: If your liver is not working properly, it may impact the metabolism of the drugs and glucose levels. 

High levels of glucose in the body can lead to life-threatening complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis, and very low levels of glucose can induce coma. Hence, it is important to get your glucose level tested on every visit to your doctor. 

In my experience

As far as I know, there is a possibility that Zyrtec can cause an increase in blood sugar levels. However, there is limited evidence available to draw a definitive conclusion. Due to individual variability, the effect of drugs may differ among individuals. Avoid double dosing and abuse, as Zyrtec can cause sedation and affect your day-to-day activities.

References