Can Mirtazapine cause constipation?

In this article, we will discuss all about Mirtazapine-induced constipation. We will also talk about people who are at a higher risk of this side effect and what one should do to alleviate it.

Can Mirtazapine cause constipation?

Yes, Mirtazapine can cause constipation. It is one of the listed side effects of this antidepressant and several people have reported it so far (1). 

However, it’s essential to note that not everyone who takes Mirtazapine will experience this side effect, and its incidence can vary from person to person. If you do experience constipation while taking Mirtazapine, it’s essential to discuss it with your healthcare provider. 

Your doctor can help you manage this side effect and may suggest lifestyle changes, dietary adjustments, or, if necessary, medications to alleviate constipation while ensuring that your treatment plan for your mental health condition remains effective.

What does research suggest?

Research suggests that Mirtazapine can indeed lead to constipation in some individuals, although the exact incidence can vary (2). The mechanism behind this side effect is not fully understood, but there are a few possible reasons.

One potential explanation is related to Mirtazapine’s effects on histamine receptors. It’s known to block histamine-1 receptors, which can result in drying-out effects on various parts of the body, including the gastrointestinal tract (3). 

This drying-out effect can slow down the movement of food and waste through the intestines, leading to constipation.

Additionally, Mirtazapine can impact certain neurotransmitters in the brain, like serotonin and norepinephrine (4). These neurotransmitters play a role in regulating various bodily functions, including those related to digestion. 

Alterations in these systems might contribute to constipation for some individuals. This is why other antidepressants, like Wellbutrin (Bupropion), are also associated with this side effect. 

It’s essential to keep in mind that not everyone who takes Mirtazapine will experience constipation. People’s bodies react differently to medications, and while constipation is a known side effect, many people tolerate the drug without this issue.

What people are at higher risk of Mirtazapine-induced constipation?

Several factors can increase the risk of experiencing constipation as a side effect of Mirtazapine. These include:

Poor diet

Individuals with a diet lacking in sufficient fibre may have a higher risk of constipation. Fibre helps promote regular bowel movements by adding bulk to stool and facilitating its passage through the intestines. If your diet is low in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and other high-fibre foods, you might be at greater risk.

Dehydration

Not drinking enough water can lead to dehydration, which can affect the overall function of the gastrointestinal tract. Adequate hydration is essential for maintaining healthy bowel movements. If you’re not drinking enough water, the risk of constipation may increase.

Physical inactivity

A sedentary lifestyle can slow down the digestive process. Regular physical activity helps stimulate the muscles of the intestines, promoting more regular bowel movements. If you lead a mostly inactive lifestyle, this could contribute to constipation.

Underlying health conditions

Certain medical conditions can predispose individuals to constipation. Examples include irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), hypothyroidism, diabetes, and some neurological disorders. If you have any of these conditions, your risk of experiencing constipation with medications like Mirtazapine may be higher.

What to do if you’re experiencing Mirtazapine-induced constipation?

If you’re experiencing constipation as a side effect of Mirtazapine, it’s essential to take proactive steps to address this discomfort. The first and most crucial step is to talk to your doctor about the issue. 

Your doctor needs to be aware of any side effects you’re experiencing to ensure your well-being and make necessary adjustments to your treatment plan. 

Additionally, your doctor might recommend specific strategies to alleviate constipation safely while continuing Mirtazapine. They can suggest over-the-counter medications for short-term relief of constipation that can be used in conjunction with Mirtazapine.

Incorporating dietary changes can also be helpful. Increasing your dietary fibre intake can promote regular bowel movements. Fibre-rich foods like fruits, vegetables, whole grains, figs, and dates can be beneficial (5).

Drinking plenty of water is crucial to keep your stools soft and prevent dehydration, which can exacerbate constipation (6). Extra virgin olive oil has been known to have mild laxative properties, and adding it to your diet in moderation might help (7).

However, it’s essential to consult your doctor before making any significant dietary changes or taking any new supplements.

Conclusion

In this article, we have discussed Mirtazapine-induced constipation, which is one of the listed side effects associated with this antidepressant. We have also discussed some ways to manage these side effects if it occurs. 

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