Does Prednisone cause acid reflux? (+3 factors)

By Ivan Kahwa
Page last updated: 06/02/2024 | Next review date: 06/02/2026
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Author bio

 

Mr Ivan Kahwa is a chemist and phytopharmaceutical scientist with expertise in chemistry, pharmacology, phytochemistry, and Nanobiotechnology. He writes and reviews content on these topics.

Mr Ivan Kahwa’s Highlights:

Guest Researcher at the University of Leipzig, Senior Research Fellow/Scientist, and Lecturer at the  Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology.

Professional Experience:

Mr Ivan joined PHARMBIOTRAC as a research fellow/scientist during his master of science tenure. He contributed to the development of most of the phytopharmaceutical products in the project. Furthermore, he participated in carrying out the pharmacological activities of the developed products in laboratory animals such as mice and rats in order to develop proper doses hence leading to pre-clinical studies.

With the above relevant research experience, Ivan started to work with the University of Leipzig on collaborative projects with Mbarara University to develop the chemistry of Ugandan Medicinal plants and their pharmacological activities. This was coupled with several consultative positions by different German NGOs. Mr. Kahwa is also a supporting in the teaching and learning at the Departments of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology.

With the increase in antimicrobial resistance globally, Ivan retooled his thinking towards developing new naturally derived antibiotic regimens from Ugandan propolis with the assistance of nanotechnology to improve their delivery to microbial cells. Kahwa has also published over 28 articles in peer-reviewed journals and he is currently reviewing for many journals.

Education:

2023-2027: PhD in Pharmaceutical Sciences (ongoing) with a focus on Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Nanobiology at Mbarara University of Science and Technology.

2022: 2Msc. in Pharmacognosy and Natural Medicine Science at Mbarara University of Science and Technology.

2018: Bachelor of Science (Chemistry) at Mbarara University of Science and Technology.

Publications:

▪ Iqbal, S., Jabeen, F., Kahwa, I., & Omara, T. 2023. Suberosin Alleviates Thiazolidinedione-Induced Cardiomyopathy in Diabetic Rats by Inhibiting Ferroptosis via Modulation of ACSL4-LPCAT3 and PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathways. Cardiovascular Toxicology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12012-023-09804-7 

▪ Gupta, A. K., Yadav, R., Sharma, S., Sawale, J., & Kahwa, I. 2023. Anti-ageing Activity and Antioxidant Activity of Methanol Extracts of Leaves and Flowers of Salvia officinalis and Rosmarinus officinalis. Journal of Young Pharmacists, 15(3), 448–455. https://doi.org/10.5530/jyp.2023.15.60 

▪ Tolo, C.U., Kahwa, I., Nuwagira, U., Weisheit, A. and Ikiriza, H., 2023. Medicinal plants used in treatment of various diseases in the Rwenzori Region, Western Uganda. Ethnobotany Research and Applications, 25, pp.1-16.

https://ethnobotanyjournal.org/index.php/era/article/view/4683 

▪ Kahwa, I., Ajayi, C.O., Yadav, R., Chauhan, N.S., Shah, K., Abdelgadir, A.A., Shegena, E.A., Daniel, S., Omara, T., Asiimwe, J.B. and Ikiriza, H., 2023. Pharmacognostic and phytochemical studies as an invaluable approach for correct identification of medicinal plants: The case of Artemisia vulgaris L. substituted for Artemisia annua L. in Western Uganda. TMR Integr Med, 7, p.e23004.

  https://doi.org/10.53388/TMRIM202307004 

▪ Nalimu, F., Oloro, J., Kahwa, I. and Ogwang, P.E., 2021. Review on the phytochemistry and toxicological profiles of Aloe vera and Aloe ferox. Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 7, pp.1-21.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s43094-021-00296-2 

▪ Elamin, O.H.S., Ali, M.A., Elgezuli, I.A.A., Bashir, M.A. and Kahwa, I., 2021. Diagnosis of pre-and post-treatment of echinococcus granulosus with counter current immune electrophoresis and bacterial co-agglutination. Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 11(02), pp.88-94.

https://doi.org/10.5799/jmid.951600 

Published book Chapter

▪ Kahwa, I., Ayesiga, I., Nakalema, S., Alinaiswe, R., Mbabazi, R. and Iqbal, S., 2023. Natural products in the management of onchocerciasis. In Natural Products in Vector-Borne Disease Management (pp. 63-80). Academic Press. Book Chapter.

 https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-91942-5.00012-4 

Submitted manuscripts Under Review:

▪ Comparison of the Wound Healing Activity of the Leaf and Leaf Ash Extracts of Vernonia amygdalina in Rats. Journal name: Clinical Phytoscience

▪ Ethnobotanical Survey of Medicinal plants used in the management of cancer in Uganda. Journal name: Journal of Herbal Medicine

▪ Ethnobotanical survey and phytochemical screening of medicinal plants used in treatment of epilepsy by PROMETRA-Uganda Traditional Health Practitioners in Mpigi District, Uganda. Journal name: Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Submitted book chapters under review

1.Book title: Algae as a Natural Solution for Water-Food-Energy Nexus, Section 4:  Microalgae and cyanobacteria for food applications, Chapter 4.6:  Safety, toxicological and allergenic aspects of using algae for food. Authors: Christine Kyarimpa, Tom Omute, Caroline K. Nakiguli, Alice V. Khanakwa4, Christopher Angiro, Ivan Kahwa, Fortunate Ahumuza, Timothy Omara*. Publisher:  Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore.

2.Book title: Nutraceuticals Inspiring the Contemporary Therapy for Lifestyle Diseases. Chapter: Nutraceutical applications of Seaweeds and their Phytocompounds in Nutrition and Treatment of Diseases. Authors:  Ivan Kahwa, Timothy Omara , Innocent Ayesiga , Gael Noel Neh Neba Ambe , Zehbanaz Javidbhai Panwala  , Rachel Mbabazi  , Shabnoor Iqbal  , Christine Kyarimpa , Christine Betty Nagawa , Kamal Shah ,Nagendra Singh Chauhan* Publisher: CRC Press

 

You can view my works on the following professional sites:

 

Research Gate: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ivan-Kahwa

 

Google Scholar: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=tOwrvqoAAAAJ&hl=en

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6440-3437

Linkedin: https://de.linkedin.com/in/ivan-kahwa-865450159 

 

 

 

 


Ivan Kahwa
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In this article, we will discuss whether Prednisone causes acid reflux, how Prednisone causes acid reflux, what factors contribute to Prednisone-induced acid reflux, when to consult the healthcare provider and how to manage the condition. 

Does Prednisone cause acid reflux?

Yes, Prednisone can cause acid reflux in some patients. It can increase the production of stomach acid which may lead to heartburn or acid reflux (1). The increased stomach acid can irritate the lining of the oesophagus causing a sour taste in the mouth or chest pain (2).

The risk of acid reflux with prednisone is higher with higher doses and longer treatment durations. Several other factors can contribute to the incidence of acid reflux in patients taking prednisone. If you experience acid reflux while taking Prednisone then it is advised to inform your healthcare provider and have consultation.

How does Prednisone cause acid reflux?

Prednisone, a corticosteroid medication used to treat various inflammatory conditions (3) can cause acid reflux by stimulating the release of gastrin (4). Gastrin is the hormone that promotes stomach acid secretion. This results in acid reflux in the patient.  

Prednisone may also enhance the activity of the parietal cells of the stomach (5). These specialized cells are found in the stomach lining and are responsible for the release of hydrochloric acid in the stomach.

Interference with the production of mucus and bicarbonate by Prednisone may also lead to acid reflux (6). Mucus and bicarbonate in the stomach help to protect the oesophagus from stomach acid. Delayed gastric emptying caused by Prednisone may also be a factor contributing to acid reflux in patients as a side effect (7).

What factors contribute to acid reflux while taking Prednisone?

Prednisone has a significant list of side effects. Even though Prednisone has its effects on the gastrointestinal tract, it might not be the sole cause of acid reflux in patients. Certain other factors can lead to it. These factors may include:

Dose and duration: Higher doses or prolonged use of Prednisone can increase the likelihood of developing acid reflux symptoms.

Individual sensitivity: Each person’s body reacts differently to medication. Some individuals may be more prone to acid reflux when taking prednisone as compared to others. 

Pre-existing conditions: People with a history of gastrointestinal issues including GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) or gastritis may be more susceptible to acid reflux.

Concomitant medications: Certain medications such as NSAIDs can potentiate the acid-producing effects of Prednisone, increasing the risk of acid reflux (8).

Lifestyle: Factors like diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, stress and sedentary lifestyle can contribute to acid reflux. Prednisone might exacerbate the effects, especially in individuals with predisposing lifestyle factors.

Body positioning: Lying down after taking Prednisone may exacerbate reflux symptoms as it can allow stomach acid to flow back into the oesophagus more easily.

Understanding these factors can help individuals and healthcare providers mitigate the risk of acid reflux while using Prednisone.

When to consult your healthcare provider?

Experiencing acid reflux while taking Prednisone can be a common concern for individuals having this treatment. Knowing when to seek medical help and guidance is crucial for an adequate treatment regime. Following are some signs indicating it’s time to seek medical guidance in this situation.

  • If the symptoms of acid reflux persist despite lifestyle adjustments or over-the-counter remedies, it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional. 

 

  • If the severity of symptoms intensifies after starting Prednisone or if they become increasingly uncomfortable.

 

  • If the symptoms interfere significantly with the daily routine, sleep or eating habits.

 

  • Regular check-ins with the healthcare provider during Prednisone treatment can help monitor and manage potential side effects including acid reflux. ensuring optimal health throughout the treatment process.

It is crucial not to adjust or stop medication without the careful guidance of a healthcare provider. They can provide guidance tailored to your specific needs, potentially adjusting the medication dose, recommending lifestyle modifications or suggesting additional treatments to adjust acid reflux symptoms. 

What are pharmacological treatment options?

Here are some pharmacological treatment options that may be prescribed or suggested by your healthcare provider if the symptom does not subside.

Proton Pump Inhibitors: PPIs are the most effective medications for treating acid reflux (9). They work by blocking the production of stomach acid. PPIs are available in prescription as well as over-the-counter forms. Some of them are:

  • Omeprazole
  • Lansoprazole
  • Esomeprazole
  • Pantoprazole
  • Rabeprazole

Histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs): These are not as effective as PPIs but they can be a good option for people who have mild acid reflux or can’t take PPIs (10). Some of these include:

  • Famotidine
  • Cimetidine
  • Ranitidine
  • Nizatidine

Antacids: Antacids neutralize stomach acids and provide immediate relief from heartburn and other acid reflux symptoms. However, they do not heal the damage caused by acid reflux. Some commonly used antacids include:

  • Tums
  • Rolaids
  • Alka-Seltzer
  • Maalox

How to manage acid reflux while taking Prednisone?

If you are experiencing acid reflux while taking Prednisone, the following can help you to manage the condition.

  • Taking Prednisone with food can help reduce its impact on the stomach lining and might alleviate acid reflux symptoms. This can also help in buffering the potential irritation to the lining.

 

  • Avoid trigger foods that commonly exacerbate the condition of acid reflux such as spicy, fatty, acidic or fried food. Opt for a balanced diet rich in proteins and dietary nutrients.

 

  • Remain in an upright position for at least 2-3 hours after eating. The position can help prevent stomach acid from refluxing.

 

  • Elevate your head while sleeping. Using a wedge pillow or elevating your head around 6-8 inches can aid in preventing nighttime reflux.

 

  • Drink plenty of water to help dilute the aid to reduce the irritation. 

 

  • If necessary your healthcare provider might prescribe antacids, H2 blockers or Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) to help manage acid reflux symptoms.

 

  • Employ stress-relieving techniques such as yoga, deep breathing, regular exercise etc. Stress can exacerbate the condition as well.

Conclusion

In my opinion, Prednisone can lead to acid reflux as it can affect the stomach acid in multiple ways. This side effect of Prednisone is common. However, not everyone taking Prednisone may experience it. Open communication with your healthcare provider is essential for a complete recovery.

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References

1.-

Zamora CS, Kowalczyk T, Hoekstra WG, Grummer RH, Will JA. Effects of prednisone on gastric secretion and development of stomach lesions in swine. Am J Vet Res. 1975 Jan;36(1):33-9. PMID: 1090220.

2.-

De Giorgi, F., Palmiero, M., Esposito, I., Mosca, F., & Cuomo, R. (2006). Pathophysiology of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale, 26(5), 241–246.

3.-

Puckett, Y. (2023, July 19). Prednisone. StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534809/

4.-

Raptis S, von Berger L, Dollinger HC, Fazekas AA, Pfeiffer EF. Hypergastrinemia induced by glucocorticoid and corticotropin treatment in man. Am J Dig Dis. 1976 May;21(6):376-80. doi: 10.1007/BF01072659. PMID: 180797.

5.-

Strickland, R. G., Fisher, J., & Taylor, K. (1969, April 1). Effect of Prednisolone on Gastric Function and Structure in Man. Gastroenterology. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(69)80028-4

6.-

Black HE. The effects of steroids upon the gastrointestinal tract. Toxicol Pathol. 1988;16(2):213-22. doi: 10.1177/019262338801600214. PMID: 3055231.

7.-

de Lima, M. B., Gama, L. A., Hauschildt, A. T., Dall’Agnol, D. J. R., Corá, L. A., & Americo, M. F. (2017). Gastrointestinal Motility, Mucosal Mast Cell, and Intestinal Histology in Rats: Effect of Prednisone. BioMed research international, 2017, 4637621. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/4637621

8.-

Ruszniewski P, Soufflet C, Barthélémy P. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use as a risk factor for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: an observational study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Nov 1;28(9):1134-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2008.03821.x. Epub 2008 Jul 30. PMID: 18671778.

9.-

Kinoshita, Y., Ishimura, N., & Ishihara, S. (2018). Advantages and Disadvantages of Long-term Proton Pump Inhibitor Use. Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility, 24(2), 182–196. https://doi.org/10.5056/jnm18001

10.-

Histamine Type-2 Receptor Antagonists (H2 Blockers). (2018, January 25). LiverTox – NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK547929/